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Investigating the effect of oil spills on the environment and public health
Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative
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Oil contamination at Pensacola Beach, Florida. Left: Oil-coated sand grains blown across the beach by Hurricane Alex (June 20, 2010). Middle: Large sediment-oil agglomerates buried in the beach (June 30, 2010). Right: The oil-contaminated sand layer reached 70 cm thickness. (Photos by Markus Huettel).

Studies Shows Beach Environment Enhanced Oil Degradation, But Still May Take 30 Years

October 1, 2019

Researchers at Florida State University and the Georgia Institute of Technology analyzed degradation processes of oil that was deposited along Gulf of Mexico beaches following Deepwater Horizon.

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Droplets and bubble clouds for waves and slicks of (a) crude oil and (b) oil-dispersant mixture at 1:25 ratio. Individual crude oil droplets and bubbles are discernible in (a). However, the oil-dispersant mixture in (b) forms an opaque cloud with droplets sizes that fall well below the resolution range of the high-speed imaging system. Image credit: The Joseph Katz Lab and author Cheng Li, Ph.D., Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University Postdoc Fellow, Saint Anthony Falls Laboratory, University of Minnesota.

Study Quantifies Dispersant Effects on Initial Oil Slick Breakup by Waves

September 26, 2019

Scientists generated breaking waves in the presence of various dispersant and oil ratios (DOR) using a custom-built wave tank to investigate how subsurface oil droplets evolve in a turbulent environment.

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This KronaTool map depicts the relative taxonomic breakdown of the genomes used in this study Sevigny et al., BMC Genomics volume 20, Article number: 268 (2019). The inner circle represents genomes at the domain, the middle circle corresponds to phylum, and the outer circle represents data at the class level. Figure 2 in the study, used with permission from Joseph Sevigny.

Study Quantifies Limitations in Using Marker Genes to Predict Microbial Capabilities

September 17, 2019

Scientists conducted the largest comparison to-date of publicly available sequenced bacterial genomes to provide the first in-depth look at using high-throughput marker genes to profile a microbial community’s functional capability.

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Marine oil snow aggregates settled on the bottom of mesocosm tanks during the long-term mesocosm experiments at Texas A&M University at Galveston. Photo credits: Rachel Windham.

Study IDs Oil-Degrading and Mucus-Producing Microbes Linked to Marine Oil Snow Formation

September 5, 2019

Scientists isolated bacteria from Gulf of Mexico surface waters and used them in microcosm experiments to identify those that simultaneously degrade oil and produce mucus-like materials (exopolymeric substances or EPS).

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Study Author Eugene Turner, Professor of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences at Louisiana State University, took this picture of an oiled Louisiana marsh edge in 2010 following Deepwater Horizon. Photo by Eugene Turner, LSU, CWC

Eight-Year Study Quantifies How Oiling is a Continuing Stressor on the Marsh Ecosystem

August 29, 2019

Scientists measured changes in oil quantity and quality in 1,200+ samples collected over eight years at locations that Deepwater Horizon affected – the Gulf of Mexico continental shelf, estuarine waters, and marsh sediments.

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Lead author Dr. Rodrigo Almeda examines plankton samples as he studies the connection of oil spills and harmful algal blooms. Credit: R. Almeda

Study Explains How Oil Spills Can Initiate Harmful Algal Blooms

August 20, 2019

Scientists conducted field and laboratory experiments using oil and Corexit dispersant to uncover the reasons harmful algal blooms, also known as Red Tides, can occur after an oil spill.

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CARTHE researchers launch the Ship Tethered Aerostat Remote Sensing System (STARSS) from the M/V Masco VIII during the Lagrangian Submesoscale Experiment (LASER). STARSS was part of a large-scale oceanographic campaign designed to observe oceanic dispersion over a wide range of spatial and temporal scales and understand transport and dispersion of oil and other buoyant materials. Left to right: Jean Mensa, Guillaume Novelli, undergraduate student Mike, Daniel Carlson, and Cedric Guigand. Photo credit: Maristella Berta (National Research Council-Institute of Marine Science, CNR-ISMAR, Venice, Italy).

Study Tests STARRS Imaging of Short-Lived Small-Scale Dispersion on Ocean’s Surface

August 15, 2019

Researchers described field methods and observations using the Ship-Tethered Aerostat Remote Sensing System (STARSS) to better understand how buoyant material moves and disperses on the ocean’s surface.

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Study author Brian Haus (University of Miami Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science) and CARTHE research team members set up the X-Band Radar tower (takes 1 m resolution wave measurements in a 3 km radius) on the research vessel F.G. Walton Smith. Credit Tamay Ozgokmen

Study Provides New Way of Looking at Energy Exchange at the Air-Sea Boundary Layer

August 8, 2019

Scientists assessed the dynamics of heat and momentum exchange between the ocean and atmosphere to better understand how these factors influence Gulf of Mexico circulation.

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This image shows Mahi-mahi fish in a later embryonic stage that this study's authors used to understand how oil exposure affects organ development and function. Credit: RECOVER consortium.

Study Finds Slick Oil has Greater Impact than Source Oil on Fish Development

July 30, 2019

Scientists analyzed effects from non-weathered source oil (collected directly over the Deepwater Horizon wellhead) and weathered slick oil (collected from surface skimming) on the microRNAs of mahi-mahi embryos.

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This image shows the gas bubble collection apparatus on the left and the remotely operated vehicle (ROV) sampling arm on the right. Cameras mounted on the ROV Hercules took this underwater photo. Credit: Ocean Exploration Trust, Inc.

Study Tracks Ocean Methane Dissolution with Environmental Data and Computer Models

July 23, 2019

Scientists traced and analyzed methane bubbles as they ascended from a deep seafloor seep to the ocean’s surface and compared results to two computer models’ output to better understand methane dissolution processes.

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